In the July/August 1998 issue of the Skeptical Inquirer, Joe Nickell has yet another time addressed the controversial subject of the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin. And yet again the old way of looking at the subject is still there with the same tendencies, biases and errors.
It starts badly with a criticism of the negativity of the image of the Shroud. In his own words:
Actually the image is only a quasi-negative, the hair and beard being the opposite of the features and giving the effect, when a positive is made, that Jesus was a white-bearded old man.
This is clearly wrong: with such argument we would have to conclude that the nose is also white! A simple observation makes it clear: all over the Shroud, the white intensity is in direct relation to the distance of the body to the Shroud. In other words, the beard was nearer to the Shroud then, let say, the cheeks. This is why the beard and moustache appear whiter then the cheeks. Actually, the hair are not so white, showing that they were farther. This is also how we can readily observed that one of the legs is bended. This is this 3-D information that Nickell don't seems to understand. Once again, such details demonstrate the great accuracy of the intensity of the image of the Shroud. Something that seems to have completly escaped Nickell.
We are then shown what is real science, according to the author.
Whereas the scientific approach is to let the evidence lead to a solution, "shroud science" (or "sindology") begins with the desired answer and then works backward, dismissing or rationalizing whatever arguments or evidence may be incompatible with it.The least we can say is that it is a rather strange statement: this argument goes directly against the scientific method! When confronted to unexpected findings according to the actual theories, the first task is not to throw away the theory but to analyse carefully the findings. For the Shroud of Turin, two theories are confronted: a) it is the burial shroud of Jesus, b) it was made by a forger before 1360AD. Sindologists have shown that the second theory is highly unprobable due to the large amount of technical, artistic and anatomical knowledge and ability not available before 1360AD. Not only that, nobody has yet reproduced such an artifact. And to top it off, it would have made no sense for a forger to be that precise to fool his audience. Admitting theory b just beg the question of how so many diverse knowledge suddenly disapeared without a trace and why a forger took so much effort to produce it. Such extraordinary claims needs some extraordinary explanation.